Memory

• The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of info

Encoding

• The processing of information into the memory system storage
• The retention of encoded  material over time

Retrieval 

• The process of getting the information out of memory storage

Recall v. Recognition

• With recall - you must retrieve the information from your memory (fill-in-the blank tests.)
• With recognition - you must identify the target from possible targets (multiple choice test.)

Flashbulb Memory

• A clear moment of an emotionally significant moment or event

Types of Memory

1. Sensory Memory

• The immediate, initial recording of sensory information in  the memory system
• Stored just for an instant, and most gets unprocessed 

    2.   Short-term Memory

• Memory that holds a few items briefly
• Seven Digits (plus or minus two.)
• The inf will be stored into long-term or forgotten

    3. Working Memory (Modern day STM)

• Another way of describing the use of short-term memory is called working memory
• Working Memory has three parts

1. Audio
2. Visual
3. Integration of audio and  visual (controls where your attention lies.)

    4. Long-term Memory

• The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system.

Types of Long-term memories

Explicit (declarative): with conscious recall

• Facts (General Knowledge "Semantic Memory")
• Personally experienced events

Implicit (non-declarative): without conscious recall

• Skills - motor and cognitive
• Classical and operant conditioning effects

Types of retrieval failure

Proactive Interference

• The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information 

Retroactive Interference

• The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old info

Misinformation Effect

• Incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event