Cognitive Development
- It was thought that kids were just stupid versions of adults
- Jean Piaget said kids learn differently than adults
- Schemas
- Children view the world through schemas (as do adults for the most part)
- Schemas are ways we interpret the world around us
- It is basically what you picture in your head when you think of anything
- Assimilation
- Incorporating new experiences into existing schemas
- Accommodation
- Changing an existing schema to adopt to new information
- Stages of Cognitive Development (Jean Piaget)
- Sensorimotor Stage
- Experience the world through our senses
- Do not have object permanence
- Around 0-2 Years Old
- Preoperational Stage
- Have object permanence
- Begin to use language to represent objects and ideas
- Egocentric: Cannot look at the world through anyone’s eyes but their own
- Around 2-7 Years Old
- Cannot Grasp Conservation
- Idea that a quantity remains the same despite changes in appearance and is part of logical thinking
- Concrete Operational Stage
- Can demonstrate concept of conservation
- Learn to think logically
- Formal Operational Stage
- Abstract reasoning
- Manipulate objects in our mind without seeing them
- Hypothesis testing
- Trial and Error
- Metacognition
- Not every adult gets to this stage
- Types of Intelligence
- Crystallized Intelligence
- Accumulated knowledge
- Increases with age
- Fluid Intelligence
- Ability to solve problems quickly and think abstractly
- Peaks in the 20’s and then decreases over time
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